前言
2023年5月31日,根据美国Clinicaltrials.gov网站显示,礼来登记了名为TRIUMPH-3 (NCT05882045)的Ⅲ期临床实验。实验目标是评估全球第一款进入Ⅲ期临床阶段的GLP-1R/GCGR/GIPR激动剂药物Retatrutide (LY3437943) 在每周一次的条件下用于治疗患有心血管疾病肥胖受试者的疗效及安全性。
TRIUMPH-3研究是一项随机、双盲的Ⅲ期临床实验,计划招募1800例体重指数 (BMI) ≥35kg/㎡的肥胖受试者。实验受试者需确诊至少一种心血管疾病(心梗、缺血性/出血性中风、症状性外周动脉疾病)且至少有过一次饮食减肥失败经历。该研究主要终点为受试者第80周体重较基线的变化,次要终点为受试者腰围、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、收缩压、舒张压、HbA1c、空腹胰岛素、健康状况调查量表 (SF-36v2) 评分、药代动力学等指标在80周时较基线的变化。
GLP-1 受体信号通过mTOR依赖性HIF-1α激活促进β细胞葡萄糖代谢1
如图1所示,GLP-1与GLP-1R结合,通过mTOR依赖性HIF-1α的激活促进胰岛β细胞葡萄糖的代谢。GLP-1结合后,G蛋白偶联GLP-1R受体激活腺苷酸环化酶(AC),增加细胞内cAMP水平。由cAMP介导的信号传导促进了β细胞中的mTOR途径,该途径诱导HIF-1α的翻译激活。在细胞核中,HIF-1α驱动糖酵解基因转录上调。细胞质中糖酵解酶池的增加允许糖酵解通量和糖酵解能力升高,导致ATP的产生更快,并增强葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌。
由于GLP-1受体激动剂(GLP-1RA)能通过激动GLP-1受体促进发挥肠促胰岛素而产生良好降糖和减肥效果,所以GLP-1RA在Ⅱ型糖尿病和肥胖症治疗中受到广泛关注。
GIPR介导的信号传导途径2
GIP受体GIPR(葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素释放多肽受体)属于G蛋白偶联受体 (GPCR) 超家族的B1亚家族,由胞外N端、胞内C端和7个跨膜结构域组成,在胰腺B细胞中大量表达。激活GIPR会引发促胰岛素反应,GIPR与配体GIP结合,可与Gsα (G蛋白激活型α亚基) 结合诱导腺苷酸环化酶活化,增加细胞质中cAMP(环磷酸腺苷)水平。cAMP的增加可导致PKA(蛋白激酶A)调节亚基从催化亚基中分离,转移至细胞核中并促进CREB磷酸化,使GH(胰岛素低血糖兴奋生长激素)表达增加,刺激胰岛素产生使血糖降低。而在人体血糖处于较低水平时,GIPR激活可让促胰高血糖素作用更加明显,增强胰高血糖素分泌使血糖升高以达到调节血糖的作用3。
GCGR激活及其信号转导示意图4
GCGR主要存在于肝脏。GCGR被其配体胰高血糖素(Glucagon)激活后,可在体内调节肝脏葡萄糖合成和分解代谢,从而维持体内血糖浓度。在体内,GCGR与配体结合主要通过激活Gs蛋白,从而激活腺苷酸环化酶以发挥ATP转化成cAMP(环磷酸腺苷)引起细胞的信号应答的作用。活化的GCGR通过与异三聚体Gs结合并诱导腺苷酸环化酶激活,进而产生cAMP并激活PKA(蛋白激酶A)使肝糖原分解及糖异生增加,最终导致体内血糖升高。GCGR与其配体GCG结合调节体内葡萄糖稳态,是Ⅱ型糖尿病的重要药物靶点4。
GLP-1R/GIPR/GCGR激动剂药物开发信息
为满足GLP-1R/GIPR/GCGR激动剂药物研发需求,ACROBiosystems基于GLP-1R、GIPR、GCGR相关信号传导机制,利用HEK293细胞开发出高质量的Human GLP-1R (Luc) HEK293报告基因细胞株、Human GIPR (Luc) HEK293报告基因细胞株、 Human GCGR (Luc) HEK293报告基因细胞株 产品,另有相关分子重组蛋白产品可选。ACRO开发的报告基因细胞株产品均通过受体表达和功能活性验证,可以应用于信号传导功能研究,细胞水平的药物活性测定及筛选,药物CMC质控放行等应用,为抗体药及小分子抑制剂开发提供稳定、方便、快捷且高通量的解决方案,可大大加速新药研发进度。
为抗体药及小分子抑制剂开发提供稳定、方便、快捷且高通量的解决方案,可大大加速新药研发进度。
★ 细胞溯源清晰,提供商业授权选项
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★ 可提供临床申报及CMC所需支持文件,支持早期研发到CMC质控全流程
功能细胞株产品列表
● GLP-1R功能细胞株受体表达验证-FACS
Cell surface staining was performed on Human GLP-1R (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell (Cat. No. CHEK-ATF096) or negative control cell using PE-labeled anti-human GLP-1R antibody.
● GLP-1R激动剂筛选应用案例
This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of Tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1R and GIPR agonist). The EC50 of Tirzepatide was approximately 0.83 nM.
This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of Tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1R and GIPR agonist). The max induction fold was approximately 328.
● GIPR功能细胞株受体表达验证-FACS
Cell surface staining was performed on Human GIPR (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell (Cat. No. CHEK-ATF104) or negative control cell using Alexa Fluor® 647-labeled anti-human GIPR antibody.
● GIPR激动剂筛选应用案例
This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of Tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1R and GIPR agonist). The EC50 of Tirzepatide was approximately 0.042 nM.
This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of Tirzepatide (a dual GLP-1R and GIPR agonist). The max induction fold was approximately 97.68.
Cell surface staining was performed on Human GCGR (Luc) HEK293 Reporter Cell (Cat. No. CHEK-ATF103) or negative control cell using Alexa Fluor® 488-labeled anti-human GCGR antibody.
● GCGR激动剂筛选应用案例
This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of Retatrutide (a triple agonist peptide of GCGR, GIPR and GLP-1R). The EC50 of Retatrutide was approximately 0.024 nM.
This reporter cell was incubated with serial dilutions of Retatrutide (a triple agonist peptide of GCGR, GIPR and GLP-1R). The max induction fold was approximately 79.93.
GLP-1R/GCGR重组蛋白产品列表,点击列表即可查看产品详情哦
● GLP-1R高纯度:经SDS-PAGE,SEC-MALS验证
The purity of Human GLP1R Protein, Fc Tag (Cat. No. GLR-H5253) is greater than 90% verified by SDS-PAGE and more than 85% verified by SEC-MALS.
● GLP-1R高生物活性:经ELISA验证
Immobilized Human GLP1R Protein, Fc Tag (Cat. No. GLR-H5253) at 1 μg/mL (100 μL/well) can bind GLP-1R antibody with a linear range of 0.2-8 ng/mL (QC tested).
● GCGR高纯度:经SDS-PAGE,SEC-MALS验证
The purity of Human GCGR / Glucagon receptor Protein, Fc Tag (MALS verified) (Cat. No. GCR-H53H3) is greater than 95% verified by SDS-PAGE and more than 90% verified by SEC-MALS.
● GCGR高生物活性:经SPR验证
Biotinylated Human GCGR / Glucagon receptor, His,Avitag (Cat. No. GCR-H82E3) immobilized on CM5 Chip can bind GLP-1 (7-37) with an affinity constant of 48.5 μM as determined in a SPR assay (Biacore 8K) (QC tested).
ACROBiosystems百普赛斯全面助力抗体药物研发,在原有的靶点蛋白业务基础上推出了以:ADCC及ADCP功能验证用报告基因细胞系、靶点及通路研究、Cross-linking药物评价、免疫检查点药物研究为分类的四大主线产品,为您提供更加全面的抗体药质量表征解决方案!
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参考资料:
1. Carlessi, R., Chen, Y., Rowlands, J. et al. GLP-1 receptor signalling promotes β-cell glucose metabolism via mTOR-dependent HIF-1α activation. Sci Rep 7, 2661 (2017).
2. Chang M, Yang C, Bao X, Wang R. Genetic and Epigenetic Causes of Pituitary Adenomas. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021;11:596554. Published 2021 Jan 26. doi:10.3389/fendo.2020.596554
3. Finan B, Müller TD, Clemmensen C, Perez-Tilve D, DiMarchi RD, Tschöp MH. Reappraisal of GIP Pharmacology for Metabolic Diseases. Trends Mol Med. 2016;22(5):359-376. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2016.03.005
4. Wilson, Chantell, et al. "The paracrine hormone for the GCGR tumor suppressor, guanylin, is universally lost in colorectal cancer." Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Biomarkers 23.11 (2014): 2328-2337.
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